Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR): Industry 4.0
Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR): It is a technology, based on Augmented Reality and can be used on mobile devices such as smartphones, iPad, iPod, gaming console and military Head-Up Display (HUD). It extends and enhances the user experience of the mobile device.
AR exists in the world, it makes sense for AR applications to be mobile and that people can experience them wherever makes the most sense in the world. Mobile devices that can support AR are becoming more powerful and less expensive at a very rapid pace. Additionally, new hardware possibilities are emerging, such as mobile projection devices that will allow new types of mobile AR applications to function and make sense.
But, before starting on MAR. I 'll first provide a brief history of Augmented Reality, with the definition of Augment, Virtual & Mixed realities.
It all started in 1901, L. Frank Baum made the first reference of the term AR, when he describes “Character Marker” in the novel The Master Key.
In 1952, cinematographer Morton Heilig creates the first Virtual Reality machine, the Sensorama Machine.
In 1968, a Harvard professor and computer scientist by the name of Ivan Sutherland invented “The Sword of Damocles”. It featured a head-mounted display hung in ceiling, wherein user would experience primitive computer graphics. It was much of a Virtual Reality than Augmented Reality.¹
In 1974, Myron Krueger created Videoplace — an artificial reality laboratory. It combined a projection system and video cameras that produced shadows on the screen. This setup made the user feel as though they were in an interactive environment.¹ ²
In 1980 Steve Mann developed a first portable computer called EyeTap, It recorded the scene to superimposed effects on it later, and show it all to a user who could also play with it via head movements. In 1987 Douglas George and Robert Morris developed the prototype of a heads-up display (HUD). It displayed astronomical data over the real sky.²
In the year 1990 marked the birth of the “augmented reality” term. It first appeared in the work of Thomas Caudell and David Mizell — Boeing company researchers.¹
In 1999, a group of scientists led by Frank Delgado and Mike Abernathy tested new navigation software, which generated runways and streets data from a helicopter video.²
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In 2000 a Japanese scientist Hirokazu Kato developed and published ARToolKit — an open-source SDK. Later it was adjusted to work with Adobe. In 2004 Trimble Navigation presented an outdoor helmet-mounted AR system.²
In 2003, the NFL used the popular Skycam, which was used for aerial views of the field to insert the virtual first-down marker.²
In 2013 Google beta-tested the Google Glass — with internet connection via Bluetooth. In 2015 Microsoft presented two brand new technologies: Windows Holographic and HoloLens (an AR goggles with lots of sensors to display HD holograms). In 2016 Niantic launched Pokemon Go game.²
What is Augmented, Virtual & Mixed Reality
Virtual Reality:
Virtual Reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to create a simulated environment. VR places the user inside an experience, instead of viewing a screen in front of them, users are immersed and able to interact with 3D objects. By simulating as many senses as possible, such as vision, hearing, touch, even smell, the computer is transformed into a gatekeeper to this artificial world.³
Augmented Reality:
Augmented reality is the technology that expands our physical world, adding layers of digital information onto it. Unlike Virtual Reality (VR), AR does not create the whole artificial environments to replace real with a virtual one. AR appears in direct view of an existing environment and adds sounds, videos, graphics to it. A view of the physical real-world environment with superimposed computer-generated images, thus changing the perception of reality.¹
Mixed Reality:
Mixed reality is a significant advancement of augmented reality (AR) — the technology behind 2016’s Pokémon GO phenomenon. In a “hybrid” environment, interactive virtual objects can be mapped to the physical environment, blending the real and the virtual. Whilst the core premise of both AR and MR is similar, the crucial difference is the underlying technology. Mixed Reality is (for the moment, at least) headset-based, whereas AR is viewed through a flat-screen such as a smartphone or tablet. MR is also aware of the geometry of the environment around you — using it as the canvas for you to create immersive content that is defined by the space you are in.⁴
On my next post, I’ll dive deep into Mobile Augment Reality.
To be continued…..
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